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I read the book*The E-Myth Revisited: Why Most Small Businesses Don't Work and What to Do About It*. It is said that we should treat a business as a system, as a money-making machine. We should have an operational manual, so the business system relies on this manual rather than a particular "talent". With an operational manual, a business becomes replicable. My question is, what if another company replicates your business following your operational manual and compete with you? It is true that an operational manual can facilitate the operation of a business, but won't it incur many imitators?

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You don't share the manual online... You keep then accessible by the relevant people. – TimJ Jan 10 '11 at 16:08

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The manual, as others are saying, is not about removing creativity, but about removing ambiguity from your business. An operational manual cannot replace the individuals on your team, but it can define processes that everyone expects to be followed.

Even in a company that relies heavily on creative effort, for example, a graphic design company or a software company, there is still a need for an operational manual. It would include the process by which a client is pursued, the process for billing clients, the process for completing projects. It would outline the roles and responsibilities of each member of the team, by role.

If a competitor got their hands on your operational manual, they might be able to duplicate some aspects of your business, but they would not be able to copy the creative efforts, or how any individual completes their work. That is, they might copy your project life cycle in terms of defining requirements, reviewing with clients, building the work, testing, deployment, and moving to production, but there is still a significant amount of your business which cannot be documented at all.

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E-Myth operation manual work well in business where creativity is not an asset. Such as sandwich bars and other fast food. It is not really suitable for software companies or any other highly creative businesses.

Anyone can copy McDonald or KFC operation manual. If it was so simple, you would have many copies isn't? It's not because company strategy is not in that manual.

Strategy is what makes the difference in that case.

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How to manage a so-called highly creative business? – Steven Jan 10 '11 at 13:24
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@Steven: Most of the time you can't. When you can, you shouldn't. They should be able to create in good conditions. Manage their environment, not they way of working. – user3997 Jan 10 '11 at 13:40
Great Answer! G – Frank Jan 10 '11 at 14:32
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Having run operations in two software companies and now in the third one, I think calling a software business a creative business is... well... misguided. If the software company is run a creative business, you have bunch of developers acting like prima donas and creating pretty crappy code. Structure, discipline, data-based decisions, and result-based reward system is what makes a software company successful and sustainable (especially, if you don't have VC money to waste). – Apollo Sinkevicius Jan 11 '11 at 15:55
@Apollo: my definition of creative developer is very different than yours. – user3997 Jan 11 '11 at 16:30

If the aim is to franchise your business then this will be the case.

The idea is that you can employ drones to do the work who can then follow a manual, but whist I like the E-Myth Revisted book, I personally don't follow this idea. It is a good idea to have set procedures in place that are documented, but I certainly wouldn't want to take away the "creativity" of an employee.

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I would highly recommend creating a manual for any type of new business. You should document your code, write a manual for best practices in graphic design, or have step by step processes for building a hamburger.

The reason why this is important is because it allows you to scale your employee base as you customer base grows. If you do not have the systems described in the E-Myth in place and ready to go, you will be pulling your hair out when the time comes to move faster.

As for operation manuals, I agree with almost everything's that has been said. In his autobiography, Grinding it Out: The Making of McDonald's, Ray Kroc talks about a competitor who stole his operations manual one time and tried to copy it. Here's a quote form him below:

"Competition has from time to time planted spies in our stores. One very prominent franchise once got hold of a McDonald’s operations manual. Word was that he intended to use it to expand his drive-ins to include hamburgers and french fries. My attitude was that competition can try to steal my plans and copy my style. But they can’t read my mind; so I’ll leave them a mile and a half behind"

You definitely want to document at least the things you don't want to be doing later on. It'll help you stay organized too.

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Make anyone who reads the manual sign a non-disclosure/non-circumvention agreement first.

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99% of NDA border on useless. The only people who benefit from them are lawyers who charge you for them. Try enforcing your NDA in court and you will see what I mean. You will spend $$$ on lawyers and important half of it will be tossed out by the judge. – Apollo Sinkevicius Jan 11 '11 at 16:46
The true purpose of an NDA is not to prevent disclosure, but to indicate to the other party that you consider certain information confidential (so they can't say they didn't know). In court, though, it's unlikely to prove useful. – Elie Jan 20 '11 at 17:04

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